Wilm’s Tumor: Epidemiology and Survival

Wilms tumor is the most common childhood renal tumor accounting for about 6% of pediatric malignant disease. Most patients with Wilms tumor can be cured with treatment and subsequently lead normal life. The multidisciplinary management of Wilms tumor has resulted striking improvement in survival of more than 85% nowadays and has become a paradigm for successful cancer therapy. We describe the results of patients treated according to National Wilms Tumor studies (NWTS) 3-5, with surgical staging, Central pathology review and multimodality treatment. This is a historical cohort study on the all patients who had Wilms tumor. We used the existing files of all patients who had admitted to Ali Asghar Children’s hospital with Wilms tumor in the years of 1990-2003. The patients evaluated for age, sex, histologic type of cancer, metastasis, outlook of relapse and outcome after 5 years from diagnosis. We analyzed 175 files of Wilms tumor. They are 49.7% are male and 50.3% female. Mean age (±S.D.) of patients at diagnosis was 3.8±0.4 year. The 5-year survival rate of these patients was approximately 76±4%. History of cancer in first degree of relative was 11.5% and family marriage was 36.4%. Tumor involvement were 45.3% in right kidney, 51.5% in left kidney and both kidney involvement in 3.2%. Congenital anomalies in association with Wilms tumor were urologic problem (1.5%), hemihypertrophy (0.5%), sporadic aniridia (0.5%) and without abnormalities (97.5%). Histologic type of tumor were 32.6% favorable, 65.2% unfavorable and 2.2% intermediate. Stage II and III were the most common (35.4%, 32.4%, respectively). Tumor relapse were occurred in 25.4%.